A Diploma in Science and Technology is a nationally recognised qualification within Australia's Vocational Education and Training (VET) framework, typically positioned at AQF Level 5. It is designed to give students a solid grounding in both natural sciences and applied technology, bridging theoretical scientific concepts with the practical and technical skills required in modern laboratories, research settings, environmental organisations, and technology-driven industries. The course typically spans one to two years and is offered by TAFE institutes and university pathway colleges across Australia, with many programs including specialist elective streams such as biology, chemistry, ecology, earth science, environmental science, physics, mathematics, and geographic information science. Students gain the academic and laboratory skills needed to work in para-professional science roles or to articulate into the second year of a relevant bachelor's degree program.

This qualification suits a diverse range of learners: school leavers seeking an alternative entry pathway into university, career changers wishing to move into scientific or technical fields, and working professionals looking to upskill in a new science or technology discipline. Many programs are deliberately structured to develop both discipline-specific knowledge and transferable capabilities — including scientific writing, data analysis, critical thinking, IT proficiency, and teamwork — making graduates adaptable across multiple sectors. The common unit in most diploma programs assists students in gaining the academic skills required to make a successful transition to higher education.

Employers who recruit Diploma in Science and Technology graduates include government science agencies, environmental consulting firms, pathology and medical laboratories, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, food and water quality testing companies, mining and resources companies, educational institutions, and research institutes. Roles range from laboratory technician and science technician through to environmental monitoring officer, quality assurance officer, and technical support specialist, with the qualification also serving as a recognised pathway into more specialised degree-level study.

Entry requirements for a Diploma in Science and Technology vary depending on whether the program is offered through a TAFE or a university pathway college. For most TAFE-delivered VET diplomas, applicants are typically required to have completed Year 12 or its equivalent, with some providers accepting Year 10 or 11 completion for certain science-related certificates and diplomas. Specific science diploma programs — such as the Diploma of Laboratory Technology — may require applicants to hold a Certificate IV in Laboratory Techniques or an equivalent Certificate IV qualification in a relevant science discipline, or to demonstrate equivalent skills and knowledge gained through work experience. Many programs do not require an ATAR, making them accessible to a wide range of domestic students including those aged 17 and over who are not currently completing Year 12.

University pathway college programs offering a Diploma of Science or Diploma in Science and Technology typically set entry requirements at a Year 12 completion level, with a minimum academic achievement threshold based on ATAR or equivalent. These programs are specifically designed for students who narrowly missed direct entry into a bachelor's degree and provide a structured pathway into the second year of an undergraduate science program upon successful completion. Some providers also consider mature-age applicants based on work experience and demonstrated academic readiness rather than formal Year 12 results.

For international students, English language proficiency is mandatory. Most providers require a minimum IELTS Academic score of 5.5 overall (with no band below 5.0) for diploma-level VET courses, and a minimum of 6.5 overall (with no band below 6.0) for higher education pathway programs at the diploma level. Additional documentation such as academic transcripts, proof of identity, and in some cases a health check or police clearance may also be required. Students should confirm specific requirements directly with their chosen provider, as entry criteria vary between institutions and programs.